Isaac Althorp Ridgway

Lt Isaac Althorp Ridgway
6 Battalion AIF

Isaac Althorp Ridgway (Source: de Ruvigny Vol.1 p 306)

During the First World War, 27 officers of the Australian Customs Service served their country of birth, or adoption, in the military forces or in a support capacity. Isaac Althorp Ridgway was one of them.

Lat.34˚21’N Long. 28˚5’E

The Mediterranean Sea, 12th May 1915.

“UNTO Almighty God we commend the soul of our brother departed, and we commit his body to the deep; in sure and certain hope of the Resurrection unto eternal life, through our Lord Jesus Christ; at whose coming in glorious majesty to judge the world, the sea shall give up her dead; and the corruptible bodies of those who sleep in him shall be changed, and made like unto his glorious body; according to the mighty working whereby he is able to subdue all things unto himself.” (Anglican Book of Prayer 1928)

Thus spoke Rev Thomas Fielden Taylor, Captain, New Zealand Brigade, as another body slid into the sea. It wasn’t the first burial that day, nor would it be the last.

The village of Lymm, Cheshire, UK

Source: The Francis Frith Collection

Isaac Althorp Ridgway entered this world on the 24th of August 1896. His birth would, almost certainly, have taken place in the family home, located in the beautiful Cheshire village of Lymm. Isaac’s arrival had been preceded by two sisters, Emily and Gertrude, and a brother, Thomas (later to be Lt Col Thomas Ridgway DSO MC).

Isaac’s family enjoyed comfortable circumstances, his father, Thomas Ridgway, being a successful solicitor and his extended family having had interests in commerce, in particular the tea trade. This good looking young man was to receive the benefits of a sound education, as befitted the family position. He was also to learn the importance of an ethical and honourable code of conduct, no doubt partly a product of the family commitment to local church and community life.

As a boy, Isaac started his schooling at Mostyn House School. He progressed, in due course, to Brighton College and, subsequently, to the Victoria University of Manchester. It was at Victoria University that he achieved a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) with honours degree. He was also awarded the Whitworth Engineering Certificate and, in 1910, became a Master of Science at the same university. In 1911 he achieved election as an Associate of the Institute of Civil Engineers (AMICE).

Joshua F. Ramsbotham

Source: National Archives of Australia A6247

In 1907, while undertaking his studies, Isaac became apprenticed to Mr Anthony G Lyster, Engineer-in-Chief of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board. Having completed his professional qualifications, he continued to be employed as an assistant in various engineering projects around the Mersey and Liverpool docks. It was during this period that young Isaac would have met another harbour engineer who was to greatly influence the next few years of his life.

Joshua Fielden Ramsbotham had also served under Lyster and was employed at that time in various engineering capacities around the Mersey and Liverpool docks.There is no doubt that Ramsbotham and Ridgway struck up a friendship that was enhanced by their professional interests. Following his marriage in 1908, Ramsbotham started to look elsewhere to further his career.

In mid 1910, Ramsbotham was successful in being appointed, by the Western Australian Government, to the post of Engineer in Charge, Fremantle Graving Dock. He arrived with his wife to the sparseness of “the colonies” that same year.

The following year saw the arrival in Fremantle of an enthusiastic Isaac Ridgway to take up an appointment as Ramsbotham’s assistant. Over the ensuing two years, these two engineers tackled their duties with considerable skill and energy, providing reports and advice regarding the projects for which they were responsible. Both men gained respect from their profession and the wider community and were valued members of Fremantle society. Ridgway, in particular, appears to have endeared himself to those who knew him.

Although respected and admired, they were not, however, to be permitted to become comfortable. A new Commonwealth Government was groaning into shape and people of skill and commitment were being sort for a huge range of functions for which the new administration was realising it was responsible.

In September 1913, Joshua Ramsbotham was appointed as Director of The Commonwealth Lighthouse Service. He was shortly followed into the Lighthouse Service by Isaac Ridgway, who was appointed as a District Engineer in Queensland. Ridgway was to have a particular responsibility for providing and improving the lights on the Great Barrier Reef. However, war clouds gathered!

During his school and university years, Ridgway had variously served in the Senior Cadets, the Liverpool Rifles, 1st Cheshire’s and 1st Sussex regiments. This experience, together with his education and profession, made him an immediate target for appointment as an officer. It was no surprise, therefore, that, upon his enlistment in December 1914 following the outbreak of war, he was commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant. What was perhaps a little surprising, however, was his appointment to an Infantry unit – the 6th Battalion, part of the 2nd Brigade, 1st Australian Division – rather than a unit more appropriate to his engineering skills.

Training in Melbourne, Ridgway joined the transport A46 “Clan Macgillivray” on the 2nd of February 1915, bound for the Middle East. Arriving in Egypt, he marched in to the 6th Battalion as part of the 2nd Reinforcements and rapidly commenced the heavy training schedule demanded of all Australian units. It was late winter when he arrived in Egypt and the cold was taking its toll. The men sweated profusely during their training and had to endure damp clothes as the cold seeped in. Many suffered with pneumonia. Many others, perhaps enjoying their freedom from wives, girlfriends and mothers, succumbed to a variety of sexually transmitted diseases and the ravages of excessive alcohol. The trials were many but were endured as the army prepared itself for what lay ahead. In early April 1915, the army climbed aboard a fleet of transports and sailed into the Mediterranean. Rumours were rife, but the general consensus was that the destination was the Dardanelles. How right they were!

The landing at ANZAC Cove commenced in the early hours of April the 25th 1915. First ashore was to be the 3rd Brigade as the covering force, followed by the 1st and 2nd Brigades. The 3rd Brigade, despite considerable confusion as a result of having been landed in the wrong location, was considered to have achieved their objective by around 7.30 am and the other brigades were commencing their landing. In any case, it was too late to stop them. With them was young 2nd Lt Isaac Ridgway and his mates in the 6th Battalion.

The next few days were a desperate battle for survival. Casualties were heavy and units were seriously mixed up. Leadership in many cases fell to those who had the skills or personality to rally the troops, as large numbers of officers and NCO’s were killed or wounded. Promotion was rapid, it would seem, if you survived.

The War Diaries of the 2nd Brigade and most of its battalions were lost during the events of the first couple of weeks. Valiant attempts were made, as things settled down a little in late May and June, to reconstruct the official record. Much of that reconstruction was aided by the discovery of notes removed from the pocket of Major Cass when he was wounded in early May. These show that the 2nd Brigade remained in the firing line through to the morning of the 30th of April when they were withdrawn to be reorganised and rested. Official records show that, prior to the landing, the 2nd Brigade numbered 132 officers and 4024 other ranks. A rough count of casualties provided by Cass indicate that in the first four days following the landing his brigade had suffered 58 officers, killed or wounded, and 1625 other ranks, killed or wounded.

Through all this, Isaac Ridgway survived!

During the landing at ANZAC Cove, the British and French had been similarly engaged in a little bloodbath of their own.They had landed into hell at the aptly named Cape Helles and had attempted to advance along the peninsula toward a small Turkish town called Krithia. They had failed, brutally, to achieve their objective! The answer to the problem, apparently, was to provide reinforcements. The New Zealand Brigade, together with the Australian 2nd Brigade, now somewhat reinforced and rested (although still well below full strength with only 2568 men), were chosen for the honour.

During the night of the 5th of May the 2nd Brigade, together with the New Zealand Brigade, boarded a number of small steam packets for the two hour journey to Cape Helles. They landed on the morning of the 6th and settled down to await orders and their fate. They wouldn’t have long to find out!

The full account of what became known as the 2nd Battle for Krithia is worth reading. For the purposes of this story, however, we will only touch briefly on the detail. The morning of the 8th of May saw the New Zealand Brigade ordered to attack. By midday they were at a standstill, having suffered heavy losses. Frustrated with this further failure to achieve his objective, Hamilton decided for one last push. “At 4pm”, he says, “I issued orders that the whole line, reinforced by Australians, should on the stroke of 5.30, fix bayonets and storm Krithia and Achi Baba.” The 2nd Brigade performed superbly in a classic frontal assault. Firstly in Artillery Formation, then in line of companies, they stormed across 1000 yards of open country and bled to death. In one hour they were done, with over 1000 dead and wounded fertilizing the Turkish field. The 6th Battalion, alone, lost 365 killed and wounded and Isaac Ridgway was one of those lying in agony, waiting for help to arrive.

Help did arrive!

Displaying enormous courage and endurance, stretcher parties worked throughout the night of the 8th to rescue those that they could. Ridgway was located and removed to the rear where he received treatment before being evacuated to the hospital ship HMHS Braemar Castle. Ridgway had received two bullet wounds impacting the bladder, rectum and epigastrium. This type of wound was very common at Krithia as enemy fire was from trenches across flat country. These wounds were also almost impossible to recover from in 1915, with death the most common outcome. As a result, after some four days of agony, Isaac Ridgway died on the 12th of May and was buried at sea.

Official records show that Ridgway’s burial service was conducted by Captain Thomas Fielden Taylor, a New Zealand Anglican Chaplain, with his body being committed to the sea at Lat.34˚21’N, Long. 28˚5’E (approx. 190 km SE of Crete at a depth of about 2500 ft).

Shortly after Ridgway’s death, notification of him being wounded was received, in the first instance, by his former boss in the Lighthouse Service, Joshua Ramsbotham. It was necessary for Ramsbotham to make representations to army records for the correct notifications to be sent to Ridgway’s family in the UK, by which time, of course, their son was deceased. Ramsbotham was obviously mortified with the death of his young protege. It is known that he penned a paper to be read before the Liverpool Engineering Society in 1918 (reference). In 1915, he also wrote a newspaper article which was widely published, particularly in WA.

Others had also been deeply impacted by Ridgway’s death. In a period where Australia and Australians suffered great loss, this young man had been singled out by those who knew him well as a person worthy of memorialising. I am grateful to a person known only to me as “Brigadier-General”, on the Great War Forum website, for the following words and photographs:

“I'm glad this thread came back up as recently while visiting St John's Church in Fremantle Western Australia I was able to take some photographs of memorials & plaques in the Church to Lt Ridgway. He had worked at Fremantle Harbour for a few years prior to the war and had obviously made a big impression on the locals.

Some of the photos are below.

The first is of a carved angel near the altar. There are two of these and 4 soldiers are commemorated on them. Lt Ridgway has one to himself and the other three soldiers are named on the other angel.”

There is one final mystery concerning the Ridgway story. The return of kit belonging to deceased soldiers was contracted to Thomas Cook & Co. There was considerable delay in completing the return of Ridgway’s belongings to his family in Cheshire. However, it all appears to have been received by his father by January 1917. Included in the list of items was “one Valise (sealed)” and within that valise was “one black kit bag”. On the 27th of February 2008 the Great War Forum received a post from a member calling himself “birch1”. The post stated, in part, “Last week we were clearing out my father-in-laws house and found a kit bag belonging to Lt I A Ridgway. The stencil shows he served in the 6th Battalion of the AIF………No idea where my Father in Law got it from.” I have attempted to contact “birch1” without result.

Isaac Althorp Ridgway, having been committed to the deep, rests undisturbed with many of his brothers in arms. May he rest peacefully, comforted that his life is not forgotten.

Burial at sea WW1

Source: AWM A01859

Henry Gordon Palethorpe & The RAN Bridging Train

During the First World War, 27 officers of the Australian Customs Service served their country of birth, or adoption, in the military forces or in a support capacity.  

Henry Gordon Palethorpe  was one of them.

NOTE: It is important to note that the Customs Honour Roll does not record a Palethorpe. The record shows as “Ralethorpe, HG”. The error can be attributed to a misreading of handwriting.

Henry Gordon Palethorpe
& The RAN Bridging Train

Insignia RAN Bridging Train

“There they are to-day, in charge of the landing of a great part of the stores of a British army. They are quite cut off from their own force; they scarcely come into the category of the Australian Force, and scarcely into that of the British; they are scarcely army and scarcely navy. Who it is that looks after their special interests, and which is the authority that has the power of recognising any good work that they have done, I do not know. If you want to see the work, you have only to go to Kangaroo Beach, Suvla Bay, and look about you. They had made a harbour.”

Charles Bean, Official WW1 Historian on the RAN Bridging Train at Suvla Bay 1915.

We really know very little about Henry Gordon Palethorpe.

Most of us also know very little about the Royal Australian Navy Bridging Train and its contribution to Australian Naval and Military history during the 1st World War. Yet, both Henry and the RAN Bridging Train were real. Both share a place in our Australian story.

Rear Admiral Bracegirdle

The RAN Bridging Train was born out of the Royal Australian Naval Reserve. In early February 1915, the Australian government offered to the Imperial War Council the services of two Bridging Train teams to be drawn from the Naval Reserve. The offer was accepted on the 18th of February and the RAN Bridging Train was formed on the 28th of February, under the command of Lt Commander (later Rear Admiral) Leighton Bracegirdle.

It was intended that the Bridging Train would provide engineering skills, particularly in the area of pontoon construction and logistical movement. They would need skills in small boats, wagon handling and horsemanship. By March the 12th 1915, over 100 recruits were training in earnest at the Domain, Melbourne. It was originally planned that the unit would be deployed to the Western Front in France. This, however, was to change.

Henry Palethorpe, was born in Towaninnie (alt. Towaninny), Victoria, in January 1893, the eldest child of Henry and Susan Palethorpe. He had one brother, John Charles (6860 22nd Reinforcements, 7th Battalion) and one sister, Marion. On leaving school, he was employed as a Telegraphist Clerk with the Department of Trade and Customs and enlisted in the 1st Royal Australian Naval Reserve Bridging Train on the 16th of March 1915. He had married Doris Giles in 1914 and now, with one child, he had enjoyed his 22nd birthday just a few weeks earlier.

Henry could both ride and drive at the time he enlisted, having undertaken militia training in a Light Horse unit. Both these skills were in high demand by the RAN Bridging Train, with the result that he was immediately signed into that unit.

The Bridging Train departed Melbourne on the 4th of June 1915 aboard the transport HMAT Port Macquarie. Initially bound for France and the Western Front, they were diverted to the Mediterranean. They arrived at Lemnos, in the Mediterranean, on the 21st of July 1915, then onto Mudros on the island of Imbros. Their new task was to support the British Army's IX Corp with its landing at Suvla Bay on August the 7th 1915. (Students of the Gallipoli campaign will know that the Suvla landing was part of the “August Offensive”, which saw the Light Horse debacle at The Neck and the costly attack at Lone Pine.)

AWM  A01289 RAN Bridging Train

The work carried out by the RAN Bridging Train was significant and highly regarded by all who were aware of it. However, the existence of this small group of Australians was not well known and it is highly likely that their comrades at ANZAC Cove, just a few miles down the coast, knew nothing of their existence. Charles Bean wrote, “In Gallipoli, as we have seen, only four miles separated them from the Anzacs and yet they are part of a world so separate that I do not think one Australian or New Zealander in a thousand knows that they are there, and they know practically nothing whatever of what happens at Anzac.”

Of course, it could also be the case that those operating much closer to the Bridging Train were equally ignorant of the magnificent work these people were performing.  Sgt John Hargrave, of the British 32nd Field Ambulance in his book “At Suvla Bay”, tells the story of two rather casual chaps rescuing one of his Lance Corporals. The rescue took place at a point known as Jefferson’s Post, on the extreme left of the British lines at Suvla. The conversation probably occurred near Hill 10, quite close to the Salt Lake. The full story is worth reading and has been rescued for us by the Gutenberg project. You will find it at Chapter XXIV - The Sharp Shooters.

The work of the Bridging Train continued solidly throughout the Suvla Campaign. Two members were killed and 60 wounded during this period and a significant number succumbed to illness or injury.

The decision to abandon the entire Dardanelles exercise was taken in early December 1915 and the majority of the RANBT were evacuated during the nights of the 16th and 17th of December. However, a small party remained under the command of Sub Lt Charles Hicks. It was the task of this small group to maintain the wharf at Lala Baba Beach in order to facilitate the evacuation of the British rearguard. The RANBT finally left the Gallipoli Peninsular at 4.30 am on the 20th of December. They were the last Australians to leave, the remainder having completed their evacuation by 4.10 am on the same day.

The RANBT were initially evacuated to Mudros, where they spent a rather bleak Christmas. Problems had occurred with their pay and most had received nothing for weeks. This may have been of little consequence while in the front line, but it did make for a dull celebration. The matter was compounded, however, as mail from home started to arrive and it became known that dependents had not received their allotments. Not only did this mean that families had a bleak Christmas. Their day to day lives consisted of needing to meet the needs of rent, food, medical treatment and all the usual things that soldiers in the field don’t need to be concerned about. This news was the last straw and, on January the 13th 1916, approximately 189 (the numbers vary) members of the RANBT, apologetically and firmly, refused to turn out for duty. The Royal Navy station commander called it a mutiny. Most of us would call it a strike. The matter was eventually resolved, although as a result of the attitude of the RN, seven men were charged and sentenced to four months imprisonment.

The RANBT returned to Alexandria in late January 1916 and continued to provide their excellent engineering skills throughout the Suez Canal and Sinai region for the next 16 months. There were, however, rumblings within the hierarchy as to the appropriateness of such a unit and whether it might better be used elsewhere.

For our purposes, however, it is sufficient to know that AB Henry Palethorpe continued to do his work, although he did suffer some illness and hospitalisation during this latter period. On the 29th of May 1917, the decision having been made to disband the unit, Henry and his mates boarded the transport HMAT Bulla bound for home and discharge.

Henry appears to have returned to civilian life as a clerk. Electoral records show him as living with his wife, Doris, at Cramer St Preston and Dean St Coburg in 1919; at Glenora Rd Coburg in 1924; and at Charles St Richmond in 1931.

Life, however, would demonstrate its inevitable twists and turns. The Electoral Roll entry for 1936 places Henry at Albert Rd Melbourne East, but no Doris. Sadly, the marriage of Henry and Doris ended in that year with the completion of divorce proceedings, the grounds being Henry's desertion. While Doris appears to have remarried, Henry moved interstate.

In 1938, there is correspondence providing Henry's address as care of a Mr E Darcy of Baldwin Ave Asquith NSW. The correspondence seeks replacement of discharge papers lost during a fire in 1937. A newspaper article in 1949 places Henry living in the Sydney suburb of Pennant Hills. Appearing as a witness in a court hearing, Henry is described as a compressor driver and employed by the NSW Department of Main Roads.

Henry Gordon Palethorpe passed away in Sydney in 1966 at the age of 73.

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Clifford Roy Cowling

During the First World War, 27 officers of the Australian Customs Service served their country of birth, or adoption, in the military forces or in a support capacity. 

Clifford Roy Cowling was one of them.

Lt Clifford Roy Cowling

Clifford Roy Cowling, known as “Roy” to his friends, was enjoying life in Melbourne as a young eligible bachelor when he heard the trumpet call to enlist. It was the 21st of September 1914, and the war had barely begun. Yet the recruiting stations in public halls all over the country were busy, with nervous anticipation oozing from both sides of the attestation desk.

Roy, as we will call him (although there were many “Roy’s” in the Cowling family), had been building a career in the Commonwealth Customs Service. It was, no doubt, this background that encouraged the recruiters to enlist him in the 1st Australian Army Pay Corps. The army needed skilled clerical staff for the huge range of support functions it required and, in Roy’s case, his qualities were recognized at an early stage.

The infant Roy entered this world on the 25th of March 1888 in the beautiful Victorian rural area of Castlemaine. He was a first son to his parents, James Edward and Ada Elizabeth (nee Blight), and an infant brother to his older sister, Ivie Isabel Mary, born two years earlier. Sadly, Ada passed away in 1890, leaving James, a teacher by profession, with the task of raising his two young children.

Of course, Nature has a way of healing wounds, when it is permitted to do so. As a result, James Cowling eventually met and married Minna Ellenora Fox, providing young Roy and his sister with a step mum and two brothers, Inglis Hall Cowling (1902)[1] and Roden Cowling (1909). At some stage during the decade before the war, Roy’s father took up a position at St Arnaud’s State School, where he was to become head teacher. This was the school where young Inglis won his scholarship (see footnote).

Roy was a strapping lad. Almost five feet ten inches tall (176cm) and 162 pounds (73.5kg), his blue eyes peered from beneath a strong forehead capped with a healthy bush of dark hair. As he walked into the recruiting office he had already enjoyed several years Army Cadet service and was a regular rifle club participant. His developing career in the Customs Service had nurtured strong administrative skills. It was no surprise to find that, before that first day was over and amidst the organized chaos of swearing in, medicals and uniforms, he was promoted to Staff Sergeant.

We cannot be certain, but we can guess that Roy was immediately engulfed with the urgent need to create administrative order out of the impending chaos. Basic training, not really required for this young man, would have been a waste of time given the urgency confronting the army in that year. The army had to set sail for foreign shores at the earliest opportunity - kitted up, trained up and paid up!

And it did!

Exactly one month later, on the 21st of October 1914, the Australian Army Pay Corps sailed from Melbourne. They were on board the “Orvicto”, one of the many transport ships to meet at Albany and forming that impressive fleet bound for the Middle East. The adventure had begun.

The fleet sailed from Albany in the early morning of November the 1st. It was an impressive sight! Twenty-eight Australian transports, ten New Zealand ships, plus escorts, including HMAS Sydney which was soon to make short work of the Emden, the notorious German raider.

Arriving in Alexandria around the 5th of December, the troops made for their new base camp at Mena, with much of the headquarters staff seeking various posts and billets in nearby Cairo. While a role for this ANZAC force was yet to be clearly defined, the serious training began. This also included the development of procedures and protocols necessary to maintain the health, welfare, efficiency and morale of this new army. During this period Roy seems to have continued to impress his superiors.  In March 1915 he was promoted to commissioned rank as a Lieutenant. It would not be long before the responsibilities of command would weigh heavily.

So the army trained, the administrators became organized, records were created and routines established. 

And they waited.

And the waiting ended!  

On the morning of April 25 1915 Australian and Allied forces landed on the Gallipoli Peninsular[2]. The casualty toll was beyond the wildest imagining of the campaign planners and strategists. Thousands were dead, wounded or missing. Privates suddenly became corporals, corporals became sergeants and sergeants received battlefield commissions. Junior officers became company and even battalion commanders. The confusion went on.

The pay office at Cairo, while not suffering the horror of the trenches, had serious and difficult work to do. It is important to remember that this work would have been done with a strong sense of loss and grief. Those “1914 men” – as they became known – were well acquainted with many of their number. Familiar names would be crossed from pay lists, or question marks placed beside their names. Familiar faces, or what was left of them, were starting to arrive in great numbers at hospitals in Cairo and harrowing stories were being told.

The Army Pay Corps was tasked to ensure that payment to soldiers was timely and correct. This, in particular, included the allotment of allowances to dependents back home. It was vital and necessary work, of great importance to the morale and resilience of the troops in the field. The last thing field commanders needed was to hear that troops were receiving mail from loved ones complaining of financial difficulties.[3]

Of course, it wasn’t just “blokes” in Cairo during these grim times and there were happier moments to be captured and shared. The Australian Army Nursing Service was strongly represented and the presence of competent Australian women was a great consolation to the injured. The Australian Red Cross, newly formed in August 1914, was contributing strongly to the care of troops.[4] Some of these wonderful women, under the guidance of Vera Deakin (daughter of former Prime Minister Alfred Deakin) established the “Wounded and Missing Enquiry Bureau”[5]. This agency was responsible for bringing resolution to thousands of families whose loved ones could not be located.

There was, also, a small group of Australian women who had defied their Government and found their own way to Egypt, joining up with the British Volunteer Aid Detachments and, for the most part, being seconded to Australian hospitals[6]. These women were not nurses, but they were workers. These are the girls that carried out all the other work that needed to be done, the scullery work, the cleaning, canteen operations and much more.

A young girl from Cheltenham in Victoria had found her way to Cairo in 1915. Euna Elizabeth Mary McNiven, twenty-three years old and the daughter of William and Mary McNiven, had arrived as a volunteer with either the Red Cross or the VAD. It was not long before she met an overworked Australian Lieutenant by the name of Clifford Roy Cowling. The inevitable happened and the two were married at the British Consulate in Cairo in November 1915. With no time for a traditional honeymoon, Euna took up residence in The Continental Hotel and Roy, no doubt, joined her whenever he could.

The end of the Gallipoli campaign and the inevitable evacuation was complete by Christmas 1915. The troops gathered in Egypt and rested. The army was reorganized and retrained for further operations. The work of the Pay Corps continued at a frantic pace as new units were created, manpower shuffled like cards and thousands of reinforcements arrived. The word came through that France was the next destination for many and the Pay Corps was to move to London.

With Euna newly pregnant, the decision was made that she should return to Australia. Travelling to Port Said, the couple bid farewell to each other and Euna boarded the transport Mongolia, bound for Sydney. She arrived in Australia in the 25th of June 1916 and traveled to join her family in Victoria. On the 10th of January 1917 she delivered a son, Kenneth James.

Meanwhile, Roy was deployed to London on the 22nd of July 1916. He appears to have done a short stint in France and was, briefly, in charge of cash services. The reasons are not clear from the official record, but Roy returned to Australia aboard the Ulysses in late March 1917. Although his army appointment was terminated in April 1917, he appears to have remained on the “Reserve of Officers” list until his resignation in May 1928.

Returning to civilian life, Roy remained in the Customs Service for some time. He appears on the Public Service list in 1925 as employed at the “Investigations Branch, Customs House, Melbourne”.  In the Electoral Rolls of 1943 and 1949, he is described as a Customs Agent, suggesting that, in later life, he may have entered private enterprise.

Roy and Euna went on to have two more children, both girls, Margaret (later Mrs. W J Knight) and Judith Mary (described as a nurse in the 1949 Electoral Roll). Their son, Kenneth, served as an army officer in World War 2.

Apart from work and family, Roy’s passion was tennis. Although not a great player, he was heavily involved in the Lawn Tennis Association of Victoria. He was a Council Member from 1934 to 1951. He also captained the Australian Davis Cup team in 1948 and was a Davis Cup Selector for a number of years up to 1951.

On the 24th of November 1951, Roy attended the NSW Championship match at Rushcutters Bay in Sydney. He was seated in the Marsh Stand during the game between Victor Seixas and Mervyn Rose when he excused himself to take a “breather”. As he passed by the committee rooms he suddenly collapsed and passed away within moments. He was 63[7]. His passing was widely reported throughout both Australia and overseas. The news traveled rapidly, even being reported in the Toledo Blade in the issue of November 24 (US time).

Euna took her time joining her Roy.  She passed away 31 years later in 1982.

   

   

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[1] Dr Inglis Hall (Tom) Cowling 1902-1941. Inglis won a scholarship in December 1914 which provided assistance for his junior high school education. His senior secondary education was at Scotch College, Melbourne, where he was in the winning team of the 1919 Head of The River Regatta.  He completed a medical degree at Melbourne University, followed by post graduate studies in England.  At the time of his death he was married with two children, in General Practice in the Coburg area and a Reserve Captain in the Australian Army Medical Corp.

[2] Official History CW Bean: The Landing….. http://www.awm.gov.au/collection/records/awmohww1/aif/vol1/awmohww1-aif-vol1-ch12.pdf

[3] The reader may find this article of interest RANBT Mutiny – scroll 2/3 down page and see an article by “Kookaburra” headed The RAN Bridging Train Mutiny, January 13, 1916, at Imbros, Greece http://www.worldnavalships.com/forums/archive/index.php/t-3602.html

 

[4] Red Cross   http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0715b.htm

[5] Vera Deakin http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/IMP0139b.htm and http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/redcross/vera_deakin.asp

[6] Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD)  http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/vad.asp

[7] Obituary

·         http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/45786723?searchTerm=Roy%20Cowling&searchLimits=l-decade=195|||l-year=1951|||l-monthInYear=November|monthInYear%3A11

·         http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/18494623?searchTerm=Roy%20Cowling&searchLimits=l-decade=195|||l-year=1951|||l-monthInYear=November|monthInYear%3A11